Author: embeds

Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter (AF)

Before you start 

  • Whats the cause? – treating the precipitant often sorts the AF (adding B-Blockers to Sepsis can make things worse)
  • Stable or Unstable?  – Electricity vs. Drugs
  • CHADS-VASC vs. ORBIT– Anticoagulation (previously HAS-BLED)
  • Rhythm vs. Rate control??
  • NEW Symptomatic Arrhythmia Clinic – referral form attached tho the PDF

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SAH – NICE 2022

Headache is a common presentation to ED and Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (SAH) is the diagnosis we never want to miss. However, working out who needs a scan can be difficult as 50% of patients presenting with a subarachnoid have no neurological deficit.

  • ‘Thunder Clap’ headache peak of pain within 5min is a RED-FLAG
    • Although, most patients with ‘Thunder Clap’ don’t have SAH, this should not deter emergent investigation
  • Patients may present more subtlety the following should make you consider the diagnosis:
    • neck pain or stiffness (limited or painful neck flexion on examination)
    • photophobia
    • nausea and vomiting
    • new symptoms or signs of altered brain function (such as reduced consciousness, seizure or focal neurological deficit)
  • Always be suspicious if the patient has communication difficulties.

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